Fear of dying and HIV infection vs hepatitis B

Infection

 American Journal of Public Health, Vol 82, Issue 4 584-586, Copyright © 1992 by American

Public Health Association

LJ Schneiderman and RM Kaplan

Department of Community & Family Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0622.

Accidental exposure to the blood of hepatitis B patients produced less fear than does accidental exposure today to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), even though both have an approximately equal overall risk of death (approximately 1%). Subjects responding to hypothetical insect-exposure and disease-exposure scenarios chose to avoid the HIV-type risk of 1% chance of exposure/100% chance of death. Fear of certain death seems to account for the greater concern about exposure to HIV than to Hepatitis B.

Copyright © 1992 by the American Public Health Association.

Factors associated with refusal to treat

HIV-infected patients: the results of a national survey of dentists in

Canada

American Journal of Public Health, Vol 89, Issue 4 541-545, Copyright © 1999 by American

Public Health Association

GM McCarthy, JJ Koval and JK MacDonald

School of Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London. gmccarth@julian.uwo.ca

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated dentists refusal to treat patients who have HIV. METHODS: A survey was mailed to a random sample of all licensed dentists in Canada, with 3 follow-up attempts (n = 6444). Data were weighted to allow for probability of selection and nonresponse and analyzed with Pearson's chi 2 and multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: The response rate was 66%. Of the respondents, 32% had knowingly treated HIV-infected patients in the last year; 16% would refuse to treat HIV-infected patients. Respondents reported willingness to treat HIV-infected patients (81%), injection drug users (86%), hepatitis B virus-infected patients (87%), homosexual and bisexual persons (94%), individuals with sexually transmitted disease(s) (94%), and recipients of blood and blood products (97%). The best predictors of refusal to treat patients with HIV were lack of ethical responsibility (odds ratio = 9.0) and items related to fear of cross-infection or lack of knowledge of HIV. CONCLUSIONS: One in 6 dentists reported refusal to treat HIV-infected patients, which was associated primarily with respondents' lack of belief in an ethical responsibility to treat patients with HIV and fears related to cross-infection. These results have implications for undergraduate, postgraduate, and continuing education.